蛇&意大利童話
有一個農夫每天都到田裏去除草,到了中午,他的三個女兒輪流給他送飯。一天大女兒來送飯,穿過樹林的時候,她因為走累了,就坐在一塊石頭上休息。剛一坐下,就聽到地下發出一聲巨大的敲擊聲,一條蛇從石頭下邊鑽了出來。姑娘嚇得扔下盛飯的籃子,大喊救命,逃走了。結果,那天爸爸一整天都餓着肚子,晚上回到家裏,狠狠地訓斥了三個女兒。
第二天,輪到二女兒去送飯。她也坐在那塊石頭上休息,也看見了那條蛇,也嚇得逃走了。於是三女兒説:“我去,我去!我不怕。”她帶去了兩籃子食物,當她聽見聲響看到蛇鑽出來的時候,就遞給它一籃子食物。蛇對她説:“把我帶回你家,我會給你帶來好運。”女孩就把它藏在圍裙裏,給田裏的爸爸送去另一份午餐後,回到了家,把蛇放在自己的牀下。蛇一天天長大,不能再待在牀下了。它要離開了,走之前,它送給姑娘三個法寶作為報答:當姑娘哭的時候,掉下來的眼淚會變成一串串珍珠和銀子;笑的時候,會從頭上掉下來一粒粒的金石榴籽;洗手的時候,會從她的手指間掉出各種各樣的魚。
一天,家裏什麼吃的也沒有了,父親和姐姐們餓得無精打采的。三女兒突然試着洗洗手,果然,臉盆裏立即遊滿了魚。兩個姐姐心生嫉妒,硬説這裏面一定有什麼邪術,讓父親最好把她關在閣樓上。
姑娘從閣樓的窗户,可以看見王宮的花園,國王的兒子正在花園裏踢球。踢着踢着,一不小心,王子滑倒了,摔了個屁股蹲。姑娘禁不住大笑起來。她一笑,一粒粒的金石榴籽像雨點般落了下去。王子弄不清這些金石榴籽是從哪裏掉下來的,因為姑娘很快關上了窗户。
第二天,王子又來到花園踢球,他發現花園中長出一棵石榴樹,石榴樹長得很高,還結出了果實。王子讓人去摘石榴果,但石榴樹眼看着就長高了,正好就高出一個手掌;怎麼夠也夠不到。看到人們連一片樹葉也摘不到,國王就召集身邊的幾位智者,讓他們搞清楚這棵樹到底有什麼魔力。其中一位年紀最大的老智者説,只有一個姑娘才能把這些石榴果摘下來,而這個姑娘將會成為王子的新娘。
國王立即派人貼出佈告,讓每個待嫁的姑娘都到王宮花園來試着摘石榴,違令者斬首。結果,各家各户的姑娘都來了,可是不論她們用多高的梯子,都夠不到果子。農夫的兩個大女兒也來了,但很快就從梯子上摔了下來。國王又派人繼續到各家去搜尋,看有沒有遺漏的姑娘,這樣,被關在閣樓上的姑娘就被找到了。她剛被送到樹旁,樹枝就垂下來,把石榴果送到她的手上。所有人都驚奇地大叫:“她就是新娘!她就是新娘!”其中,王子叫得最歡。
婚禮已經準備就緒,一直就懷着妒意的兩個姐姐也被邀請去參加婚禮。姐妹三人坐同一輛馬車進宮。馬車穿過一處森林時,停了下來。兩個姐姐讓小妹下車,砍下她的雙手,挖出她的雙眼,把她當作死人扔在了樹叢中。而大姐則穿上新娘的衣服,去見王子。王子看見新娘一時變得如此醜陋,疑惑不解,但是因為大姐與小妹妹長得有些相像,王子覺得是自己先前看走眼了。
失去了雙眼、雙手的姑娘在樹林中哭着。這時一個馬伕正好路過,他很同情她,扶她上了自己的驢背,好把她帶回家。姑娘讓馬伕看看地上,只見滿地是姑娘眼淚變成的珍珠和銀子,馬伕把這些東西拿出去賣了,得了一千多里拉。這樣,雖然姑娘沒有雙手、雙眼,不能幹活,也不能照顧家,但生活得還算滿意。
有一天,姑娘感覺到有一條蛇纏在她的一條腿上,這正是她的老朋友,那條她曾照顧過的蛇。蛇告訴她:“你知道嗎?你的姐姐嫁給了王子,老國王死後,她就成了王后,現在她懷孕了,非常想吃無花果。”
姑娘就對馬伕説:“你馱上一袋無花果,到王宮給王后送去吧。”
馬伕説:“這個季節,怎麼可能找到無花果呢?”當時正是冬天。
可是,到了早上,馬伕來到園子裏一看,發現無花果樹真的結出了果子,而且只有果實,一片葉子也沒有。他裝滿了兩籃子,馱在驢背上。
馬伕問:“這些冬天裏長出的無花果我該怎麼要價呢?”
姑娘説:“你就説要換一對眼珠。”
馬伕按照姑娘的話提出了要求,但是不論是王后、國王,還是王后的妹妹,都不願意挖出自己的眼珠。姐妹二人商量了一下,説:“那就把小妹的那對眼珠給他吧,我們留着它們有什麼用?”就這樣,她們用妹妹的這對眼珠換了兩籃無花果。
馬伕把這對眼珠帶了回來交給姑娘,姑娘把它們重新裝好後,又像以前一樣可以看東西了。
後來,王后又想吃桃子,國王便派人來找馬伕,問他能不能像找到無花果那樣,找到桃子。第二天早上,馬伕家院子中的桃樹果然長出桃子,他又用驢子立即馱到王宮裏去了。國王、王后問他要多少錢,馬伕説:“要換一雙手。”
但是沒人願意砍下自己的雙手,即使是那些想討好國王的人也不願意。王后姐妹又私下商量:“把小妹的那雙手給他吧。”
姑娘得到了自己的一雙手,重新接到胳膊上,活動如初。
不久,王后分娩了,生下了一隻蠍子。儘管如此,國王還是同樣為她舉行了慶祝宴會,邀請了所有的人來參加。小妹妹穿得像王后般高貴,成為晚會上最漂亮的姑娘。國王愛上了她,而且在愛上她的同時發覺她就是自己先前看中的那個新娘。姑娘向國王講述了自己的經歷,邊講邊笑,邊講邊哭,笑的時候,金石榴籽就從她的頭上撲撲地掉下來,哭的時候,眼淚就會變成串串珍珠,洗手時,滿盆都是活魚。
兩個狠毒的姐姐和剛生出來的蠍子,被拉到高高的木柴垛上燒死了。同一天,國王和小妹舉行了盛大的結婚典禮。
他們過着奢侈、冷酷的生活
我卻躲在門後捱餓,
我回到客棧去吃飯
我的故事到此説完。
(蒙費拉托地區)
TheSnake
Afarmerwentoutmowingeveryday,andatnoononeortheotherofhisthreedaughterswouldbringhimhislunch.Onacertaindayitfelltotheoldestgirltogo.Bythetimeshereachedthewoods,though,shewastiredandsatdownonastonetorestaminutebeforeproceedingtothemeadow.Nosoonerhadshetakenaseatthanshefeltastrongthudunderneath,andoutcrawledasnake.Thegirldroppedthebasketandranhomeasfastasherlegswouldcarryher.Thatdaythefatherwenthungryandwhenhecameinfromthefieldhescoldedhisdaughtersangrily.
Thenextdaythemiddlegirlstartedout.Shetoosatdownonthestone,andthesamethingoccurredasthedaybefore.Thenthethirdgirlsaid,"Itsmyturnnow,butImnotafraid."Insteadofonelunchbasket,shepreparedtwo.Whenshefeltthethudandsawthesnake,shegaveitoneofthebasketsoffood,andthesnakespoke."Takemehomewithyou,andIwillbringyouluck."Thegirlputthesnakeinherapronandthenwentontoherfatherwithhislunch.Whenshegotbackhome,sheplacedthesnakeunderherbed.Itgrewsorapidlythatsoonitwastoobigtofitunderthebed,soitwentaway.Beforeleaving,however,itbestowedthreecharmsonthegirl:weeping,shewouldshedtearsofpearlandsilver;laughing,shewouldseegoldenpomegranateseedsfallfromherhead;andwashingherhands,shewouldproducefishofeverykind.
Thatdaytherewasnothinginthehousetoeat,andherfatherandsisterswereweakfromthehunger,sowhatdidshedobutwashherhandsandseethebasinfillupwithfish!Hersistersbecameenviousandconvincedtheirfatherthattherewassomethingstrangebehindallthisandthathewouldbewisetolockthegirlupintheattic.
Fromtheatticwindowthegirllookedintothekingsgarden,wherethekingssonwasplayingball.Runningaftertheball,heslippedandfell,sendingthegirlintopealsoflaughter.Asshelaughed,goldpomegranateseedsrainedfromherheadonthegarden.Thekingssonhadnoideawheretheycamefrom,forthegirlhadslammedthewindow.
Returningtothegardennextdaytoplayball,thekingssonnoticedthatapomegranatetreehadsprungup.Itwasalreadyquitetallandladenwithfruit.Hewenttopickthepomegranates,butthetreegrewtallerrightbeforehiseyes,andallhehadtodowasreachforapomegranateandthebrancheswouldriseafootbeyondhisgrasp.Sincenobodymanagedtoplucksomuchasoneleafofthetree,thekingassembledthewisementoexplainthemagicspell.Theoldestofthemallsaidthatonlyonemaidenwouldbeabletopickthefruitandthatshewouldbecomethebrideofthekingsson.
Sothekingissuedaproclamationforallmarriageablegirlstocometothegarden,underpainofdeath,totrytopickthepomegranates.Girlsofeveryraceandstationshowedup,butnoladderswereeverlongenoughforthemtoreachthefruit.Amongthecontestantswerethefarmerstwoolderdaughters,buttheyfellofftheladderandlandedflatontheirbacks.Thekinghadthehousessearchedandfoundothergirls,includingtheonelockedupintheattic.Assoonastheytookhertothetree,thebranchesbentdownandplacedthepomegranatesrightinherhands.Everyonecheered,"Thatsthebride,thatsthebride!"withthekingssonshoutingloudestofall.
Preparationsweremadeforthewedding,towhichthesisters,asenviousasever,wereinvited.Theyallthreerodeinthesamecarriage,whichdrewtoahaltinthemiddleofaforest.Theoldergirlsorderedtheyoungeroneoutofthecarriage,curoffherhands,gougedouthereyes,andleftherlyingunconsciousinthebushes.Thentheoldestgirldressedintheweddinggownandwenttothekingsson.Hecouldntunderstandwhyshedbecomesougly,butsinceshefaintlyresembledtheothergirl,hedecidedhedbeenmistakenallalongaboutheroriginalbeauty.
Eyelessandhandless,themaidenremainedintheforestweeping.Acartercamebyandhadpityonher.Heseatedheronhismuleandtookhertohishouse.Shetoldhimtolookdown:thegroundwasstrewnwithsilverandpearls,whichwerenoneotherthanthegirlstears.Thecartertookthemandsoldthemformorethanathousandcrowns.Howgladhewastohavetakenthepoorgirlin,evenifshewasunabletoworkandhelpthefamily.
Onedaythegirlfeltasnakewraparoundherleg:itwasthesnakeshehadoncebefriended."Didyouknowyoursistermarriedthekingssonandbecamequeen,sincetheoldkingdied?Nowshesexpectingababyandwantsfigs."
Thegirlsaidtothecarter,"Loadamulewithfigsandtakethemtothequeen."
"WhereamIgoingtogetfigsthistimeofyear?"askedthecarter.Ithappenedtobewinter.
Butthenextmorninghewentintothegardenandfoundthefigtreeladenwithfruit,eventhoughtherewasntaleafonthetree.Hefilleduptwobasketsandloadedthemontohisdonkey.
"HowhighapricecanIaskforfigsinwinter?"saidthecarter.
"Askforapairofeyes,"repliedthemaiden.
Thathedid,butneitherthekingnorthequeennorherothersisterwouldhaveevergougedouttheireyes.Sothesisterstalkedthematterover."Letsgivehimoursisterseyes,whichareofnousetous."Withthoseeyestheypurchasedthefigs.
Thecarterreturnedtothemaidenwiththeeyes.Sheputthembackinplaceandsawagainaswellasever.
Thenthequeenhadadesireforpeaches,andthekingsenttothecarteraskingifhecouldntfindsomepeachesthewayhedfoundfigs.Thenextmorningthepeachtreeinthecartersgardenwasladenwithpeaches,andhetookaloadtocourtatonceonhisdonkey.Whentheyaskedhimwhathewantedforthem,hereplied,"Apairofhands."
Butnobodywouldcutofftheirhands,noteventopleasetheking.Thenthesisterstalkedthematterover."Letsgivehimoursisters."
Whenthegirlgotherhandsback,shereattachedthemtoherarmsandwasassoundasever.
Notlongafterward,thequeenwentintolaborandbroughtforthascorpion.Thekingnonethelessgaveaball,towhicheverybodywasinvited.Thegirlwentdressedasaqueenandwasthebelleoftheball.Thekingfellinlovewithherandrealizedshewashistruebride.Shelaughedgoldenseeds,weptpearls,andwashedfishintothebasin,asshetoldherstoryfromstarttofinish.
Thetwowickedsistersandthescorpionwereburnedonapyreskyhigh.Onthesamedaythegrandweddingbanquettookplace.
Theyputonthedogandhighdidtheysoar;
Isaw,Iheard,Ihidbehindthedoor.
ThentodinerepairedItotheinn,
Andtheremystorydrawstoanend.
(Monferrato)
NOTES:
"TheSnake"(LaBiscia)fromComparetti,25,Monferrato,Piedmont.
TheluxuriantstoryfromTheFacetiousNights(III,3)aboutBiancabellaandtheserpent,oneofStraparolasfinest,isheretold,onthecontrary,inbarerusticsimplicity,inthemidstofmeadowsreadyforamowing,fruits,andseasons.TheepisodeofthepomegranatetreewithitsfruitthatcannotbepluckedwasaddedbymetofilloutasomewhatsketchypassageinthePiedmonteseversion.ItookitfromaTuscanvariant(Gradi),basedonmotifsfromthistaleandothers,wheresupernaturalhelpcomesfromaredandgoldfish.
Copyright:ItalianFolktalesSelectedandRetoldbyItaloCalvino,
translatedbyGeorgeMartin,
PantheonBooks,NewYork1980